Opinions vary a bit on interpreting the Polish court decision.
According to a more strict reading of the Polish court's announcement, they haven't declared any parts of the treaties illegal per se. They've only declared some CJEU decisions illegal in Poland. Under the treaties, Poland signed up to the acquis, but those decisions were taken after Poland became a member, so they don't fall under the acquis... and arguably the decisions were a little bit innovative in their interpretation of treaty provisions. (Although the Polish court rejected wholesale the CJEU interpretation of Article 19(1)--it's at most two decisions that are involved both taken after 2018.)
Several EU countries (including Germany in Weiss/PSPP and Denmark in Ajos) reject unbridled supremacy of EU law, to various extent[s]. If you read through the much more numerous articles that have been written about PSPP, you can find extremely conciliatory ones that speak of judicial dialogue, but others that conclude that the principles put down on paper by the German court "directly contradict the very idea of the European Union". And a third kind that applauds PSPP for stemming the never-ending bias that CJEU [supposedly] has towards granting EU institutions more powers.