In Italy, the concept is described by an Italian word with the exact same spelling:
https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/tag/legalese/
The word is pronounced according italian orthographic rule, and it is almost often used pejoratively. I do not know if it is related to the English one in its origin.
The concept of lawyers using an obscure and deceiving language is very present in Italian culture and is best represented by one of the character of the book "I promessi sposi": the lawyer "azzecca-garbugli". If you can understand Italian there is a very enjoyable lecture from Italian journalist Gian Antonio Stella which analyses many contemporary legal texts highlighting their incomprehensibility and their unwanted comical effect: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4tNYzNqbhow
EDIT: Another term used to describe the concept is "burocratese", which might be related to the English word "bureaucratese" according to this source (quite reputable). The same source reports that already in the XVI century, many writers were complaining about the obscure and deceptive language of the various Italian administrations.