I once saw an advertisement in some online sites. It basically says, call this number so we can help you with your purchase.
Say Alice sell something at Bob's Marketplace.
Now, Eve, put an ads in comment section. Anyone can do this actually. However, potential buyers that are not careful probably don't see that and think that the message is genuine. They think if it's not genuine than Bob's must have deleted them. Bob usually do that but often too late.
Contact me at Eve's number for faster customer service.
Eve is fraudulent. She doesn't work for Bob.
Say Charlie saw Eve' ads in comment section.
What happens is, if someone whatsapp Eve, Eve will say they have items and will sell it at below market price, and ask for Charlie to transfer money to Eve's account.
Eve will say things that's obviously a lie. Eve will say she works for Charlie, she will say she has items she doesn't have, the bank accounts may be real but most likely fake.
What will happen is, if Charlie send money to Eve's account, Charlie won't get anything.
Eve is fraudulent.
It's like buying stuffs from eBay. If you use eBay system you can complain if you don't get your item and eBay would refund your money.
However, Eve is not a seller at eBay. Eve is just someone that comment on Bob's market place and make it look as if she works for Bob.
Eve tries to induce Charlie to send money to Eve's account. Once the money reach Eve's account, Eve will withdraw it, empty the account, and run. In Indonesia, criminals often have fake bank accounts.
However, Charlie is smart. He knows Eve is lying.
So he doesn't send money.
Instead Charlie reports Eve's to cops.
Will the cops arrest Eve?
Someone told me that if Charlie didn't rely on Eve's statement, then no fraud occur yet. So Eve didn't commit any crime. Eve commit any crime only if Charlie is defrauded.
The thing is Eve is pretty much law proof.
If Charlie is dumb, Eve got money.
If Charlie is smart, then Eve doesn't commit any crime.
How would your jurisdiction handle cases like this?
If this is a murder case it's easy.
Eve put poison in Charlie's drink. Charlie doesn't drink. Eve is still guilty of attempted murder. But what about if Eve tries to defraud Charlie?