Section 310 (e) (2) of the Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974 (aka PUBLIC LAW 93-344-JULY 12, 1974, in this answer known as "the act") linked in the question, provides that:
Debate in the Senate on any reconciliation bill or resolution
reported under subsection (c), and all amendments thereto
and debatable motions and appeals in connection therewith, shall
be limited to not more than 20 hours
This is the provision which exempts a reconciliation bill or resolution from any filibuster.
Section 310 (c) of the act provides that:
(c) RECONCILIATION PROCESS.—If a concurrent resolution is agreed
to in accordance with subsection (a) containing directions to one or
more committees to determine and recommend changes in laws, bills,
or resolutions, and—
(1) only one committee of the House or the Senate is directed to
determine and recommend changes, that committee shall promptly
make such determination and recommendations and report to its
House a reconciliation bill or reconciliation resolution, or both,
containing such recommendations; or
(2) more than one committee of the House or the Senate is
directed to determine and recommend changes, each such committee
so directed shall promptly make such determination and
recommendations, whether such changes are to be contained in a
reconciliation bill or reconciliation resolution, and submit such
recommendations to the Committee on the Budget of its House,
which upon receiving all such recommendations, shall report to
its House a reconciliation bill or reconciliation resolution, or both,
carrying out all such recommendations without any substantive
revision.
For purposes of this subsection, a reconciliation resolution is a concurrent resolution directing the Clerk of the House of Representatives
or the Secretary of the Senate, as the case may be, to make specified
changes in bills and resolutions which have not been enrolled.
Section 310 (d) of the act provides that:
(d) COMPLETION OF RECONCILIATION PROCESS.—Congress shall complete
action on any reconciliation bill or reconciliation resolution
reported under subsection (c) not later than September 25 of each
year.
Subsections (c) and (d) together seem to authorize only a single reconciliation bill or reconciliation resolution in a given year, but that may revise or amend multiple bills and resolutions.
Section 300 of the act specifies timelines for the budget process, listing 25 September as the date by which reconciliation should be completed. Section 305 give detailed time lines for the concurrent budget resolution proess, and limits debate on each stage.
Section 300 (b) (1) of the act provides that there can be:
(1) a procedure under which all or certain bills and resolutions
providing new budget authority or providing new spending
authority described in section 401(c) (2) (C) for such fiscal year
shall not be enrolled until the concurrent resolution required to be
reported under section 310(a) has been agreed to, and, if a reconciliation
bill or reconciliation resolution, or both, are required to
be reported under section 310(c), until Congress has completed
action on that bill or resolution, or both; and
(2) any other procedure which is considered appropriate to
carry out the purposes of this Act.
Section 311` (a) provides that:
LEGISLATION SUBJECT TO POINT OF ORDER.—^After the
Congress has completed action on the concurrent resolution on the
budget required to be reported under section 310(a) for a fiscal year,
and, if a reconciliation bill or resolution, or both, for such fiscal year
are required to be reported under section 310(c), after that bill has
been enacted into law or that resolution has been agreed to, it shall
not be in order in either the House of Representatives or the Senate to
consider any bill, resolution, or amendment providing additional new
budget authority for such fiscal year, providing new spending authority
described in section 401(c) (2) (C) to become effective during such
fiscal year, or reducing revenues for such fiscal year, or any conference
report on any such bill or resolution, if—
- (1) the enactment of such bill or resolution as reported;
- (2) the adoption and enactment of such amendment; or
- (3) the enactment of such bill or resolution in the form recommended
in such conference report;
would cause the appropriate level of total new budget authority or
total budget outlays set forth in the most recently agreed to concurrent
resolution on the budget for such fiscal year to be exceeded, or
would cause revenues to be less than the appropriate level of revenues
set forth in such concurrent resolution.
I cannot say that no other legislation authorizes such procedure to be used at other times of the year. I presume that the congressional authorities have checked the relevant authorizations and acted in accord with them, but the above sections seem to be what the question asks for.
