Is a state required to be member of the Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property to become member of the Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT)?
I am currently studying for an exam in intellectual property rights and read that the Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property is a umbrella agreement, whereas agreements such as PCT (Patent Cooperation Treaty), or MMA (Madrid system for the international registration of marks) or the Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works are special agreements (within the umbrella).
Therefore I wonder if membership in the Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property is a requirement for any of the before mentioned special agreements and if not why?
Special agreements are mentioned in Art. 19 of the Paris Convention.